Calculate Materials

How deep should a raised bed be?

Raised bed depth follows the root depth of what goes in it. The volume follows the depth, and filling a bed takes more soil than almost anyone expects.

Published laid depths for a raised bed, by material
MaterialDepthIn inchesWhere the depth comes from
Garden soil300 to 450mm11.8 to 17.7 inPenn State Extension: a popular size is 4 feet by 8 feet by one foot deep, which is deep enough for annual plant root systems. The RHS puts 30cm as deep enough for salad leaves and strawberries.
Topsoil300 to 450mm11.8 to 17.7 inPenn State Extension: a popular size is 4 feet by 8 feet by one foot deep, which is deep enough for annual plant root systems. The RHS puts 30cm as deep enough for salad leaves and strawberries.
Compost50 to 75mm2 to 3 inPenn State Extension: plan on adding about two to three inches on the top and mixing it in with topsoil. Compost is a proportion of the fill rather than the whole depth.

Working out the quantity once you have the depth

Multiply the area by the depth for a volume, then by the material's bulk density for a weight. Each calculator below does it in the units that material is sold in, and each shows the density range its figure came from.

Materials without a published depth for this use

No supplier read for this site publishes a laid depth for wood chip on a raised bed, so none is stated here. Their calculators take whatever depth you enter.